Get regular comprehensive medical eye exams. AMD often has no early warning signs, so getting regular comprehensive eye exams is critical to diagnosing and treating the eye disease in its early stages. It is recommended that adults especially over age 60 get a complete eye exam every one to two years, even if they have no symptoms of eye problems.
Quit smoking. Numerous studies have shown smoking to increase the risk of developing AMD and the speed at which it progresses. If you smoke, you are twice as likely to develop macular degeneration compared with a nonsmoker[1].
Know your family’s eye health history. If you have a close relative with AMD, you have a greater chance of developing the condition. Before you go in for your next eye exam, speak with your family about their eye health history. Sharing this information may prompt your eye doctor to recommend more frequent eye exams. The earlier AMD is caught, the better chances you may have of saving your vision.
Eat a diet rich in omega-3s and low in cholesterol and saturated fat. Several studies have shown that people who had a reduced risk of AMD had diets rich in omega-3 fatty acids, such as fish. In one study of patients who were at moderate risk for AMD progression, those who reported the highest omega-3 intake (not in the form of a supplement) were 30 percent less likely to develop advanced AMD after 12 years. In another study, an increased risk of AMD was found in individuals who had a higher intake of saturated fats and cholesterol and in those with a higher body mass index[2].
Exercise regularly. Many studies have shown that getting regular exercise can benefit your eyes. One study found that exercising three times a week reduced the risk of developing wet AMD over 15 years by 70 percent[3].